Topic 2 China has a long and great history

一、重点词汇

（一）     词形转换

  1.say (名词) saying        2. defeat (同义词)beat           3.explorer(动词) explore

4.equip(名词) equipment   5. army (复数) armies   6. enemy (复数) enemies   7.unfortunately (反义词) fortunately        8.speak(名词) speech

(二) 重点短语

1.       wise sayings                      名言

2.       the importance of doing sth.                      做某事的重要性

3.       receive a good education                         接受良好的教育

4.       in one’s thirties                                 在某人三十多岁时

5.       the rest of one’s life                             某人的余生

6.       travel around China                             周游中国

7.       search for…                                   寻找/求

8.       return to…                                    回到……

9.       go on forever                                  永远持续

10.   become interested in…                          对……变得感兴趣

11.   die of illness                                  死于疾病

12.   face the danger of (doing) sth.                    面对(做)某事的危险

13.   wipe out                                     消灭;歼灭

14.   the Long March                               长征

15.   succeed in doing sth.                           成功地做了某事

16.   bring down                                   推翻

17.   take an active part in…                         积极参加

18.   become popular with…                         变得受……的欢迎

19.   set up…                                     建立;设立

20.   Three Principles of the People                    三民主义

21.   break down                                   (身体)垮掉

22.   pass away                                    去世

23.   give a class                                   讲学

24.   give a speech                                  作演讲

25.   make China richer and stronger                   使中国更富强

二、重点句型

1.       It’s hard to believe. 难以致信.

2.       Learn the new while reviewing the old. 温故而知新.

3.       When I walk along with two others, I may be able to learn from them. 三人行,必有我师焉。

4.       What you know , you know. What you don’t know, you don’t know.

知之为知之,不知为不知。

5.       To study and not think is a waste. To think and not study is dangerous.

学而不思则罔; 思而不学则殆。

6.       Isn’t it a pleasure that friends come to see you from far away?

有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？

三、重点知识点

1.       defeat 与beat 同义，表“打败；击败；战胜”，其宾语必须是人或一个集体。

win  表“赢得……”，其宾语是比赛、战斗、奖品等。

eg:  We tried to win the game but finally their team beat/defeated ours.

     我们设法获得比赛的胜利，但是最终他们队战胜了我们队。

He beat/ defeated Tom and won the prize.  他击败了汤姆并赢得了奖品。

2．search    认真搜查/索某人、某物或某地

   search for=look for  极力寻找

eg:  The police searched her house. 警察搜查了她的家。

     The police searched the man for the stolen wallet.

警察搜了那个人的身，看是否有被偷的钱。

     She is searching/looking for her ring.  她正在寻找她的戒指。

3． die of… 通常指死于疾病(illness)、饥饿(hunger)或年迈(old age)等。

    die from… 通常指死于负伤(wound)、事故(accident)或过度劳累(overwork)等。

四．重点语法

 定语从句: 关系代词应用时应注意以下情况：

l       当先行词是all, anything, something, nothing, everything, none等不定代词时，

关系代词一般只用that,可省略。如：

Do you remember everything (that) I told you? 你记住我告诉你的每一件事了吗？

l       当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词以及last, any, only, few, much, no, some, very

等词修饰时，关系代词常用that, 也可省略。如：

This is the best hotel (that) I know. 这是我所知道的最好的旅馆。

That’s the only thing (that) we can do now. 那是我们目前唯一能做的事了。

l       当从句用在介词之后时，关系代词只能用which，在口语中一般都把介词放到从句

后部去，这时可以用that，但省略的时候更多一些。如：

The tool with which he is working is called a wrench.

The tool (that) he is working with is called a wrench.

他干活时用的工具叫做扳手。

本话题中出现以下定语从句：

He is a man who had many wise ideas and thoughts about nature, the world and

 human behavior.

He is a great teacher whose wise sayings have influenced many people in different countries.

他是个伟大的教育家，他的名言影响了许多不同国家的人。

Zheng He is the Ming dynasty explorer whom all the Chinese people are proud of.

郑和是所有中国人为之自豪的明朝探险家。

Sun Yat-sen was the leader who led the 1911 Revolution.

孙中山是辛亥革命的领导者。

The man who is giving a class is Confucius.正在讲学的那个人是孔夫子。